Total length of 300 km of intercity rail Chengmianle section connected to the Chengdu Plain and the hilly areas, thousands of years of human activity is the frequent Sichuan region. Since last November, the Province and the Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute of Archaeology of its one-year archaeological exploration, important cultural salvage excavation. Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said Liu fossils, only Meishan - Mount Emei in the 90 km road, they went a full two months, signifying its intensive archaeological findings.
Recently concluded Mianyang - Chengdu - Meishan rescue excavation of underground cultural relics along the route, a large number of pre-Qin to Ming and Qing Dynasties from the archaeological sites, ancient tombs, etc., bone, pottery and other pieces of precious cultural relics unearthed more than 2000. In late November 2010, intercity railway Chengmianle Meishan - Leshan archaeological exploration end of the paragraph.
A secret buried thousands of archaeological "treasure map" which initially opened.
"Chengdu first kiln" sleeping town to spend the source
In the current available information, the Chengdu Plain of the Po Pier cultural sites have been found to spend the source Xinjin town this "pocket-sized kiln" type of kiln, this finding could be called "the first kiln in Chengdu", from the Today there are more than 4000 years.
Stored in plastic bags look at the deterioration of pottery, Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Schelling staff could not help thinking back to late April 2010.
Year ago, Xinjin County Joint Township Community Source spent ten archaeological site begun to tap. Schelling, remember, first came to the exploration, here is a large thick field of corn. Months, with the formation of gradually exposing the Ming and Qing cultural layer, Tang and Song dynasties cultural layer, layer, Han Dynasty cultural layer 6 in turn appears. One of the most to brighten Schelling than Baodun cultural layer.
Knowledge stored in my mind is constantly stimulated nerve Schelling. Currently on the Chengdu Plain, the earliest known cultural sites is Baodun ancient city ruins, and it has been about 5000 years. And his feet are exploring the archaeological sites, ruins from the ancient city of about a few kilometers away. "Between the two will not have anything to do?" Sweep the hands of a small brush to open exploration party in the topsoil, Schelling even more cautious.
That day, Schelling continued to command the workers within a square circle probe slowly dig open pits. He did not expect that luck will come to him, a big "secret" connection opened.
Probe appeared to square one small round pits two quaint, Tai Hang diameter of about 90 cm, 50 cm diameter pits, pit the middle of a disk-shaped bulge red soil units, scattered above, some pottery, There are rules around the tunnel. Schelling irrepressible excitement: "From the cultural layer, etc., that this should be a late kiln Baodun Culture." Pits are filled wood fireplace, two fire following Road and Tai Hang furnace connected to the kiln furnace was the middle of the round table set aside land pottery kiln bed. Fire through the kiln bed on fire around the surface of the formation of the fire road, so that even heat for firing pottery.
However, the preserved "Chengdu first kiln" is too small and compact, looks exactly like in kitchen. Schelling suggested that this should be a small fine was devoted to pottery kiln firing. The next discovery rectangular tunnel kiln, which filled a variety of hard pebbles, which may be when people polished stone of the "stone warehouse." Xie Lin Gaoxing Gengrang is also found in the kiln near the traces of the ancient river. "Imagine the scene 4000 years ago is this: in the quiet side of the river, this piece of pottery workshop was roaring, people are very busy, important life was to build appliances." Firing good pottery, and perhaps continuously way to transport a few kilometers to the ancient city of Po pier, or even transported to the Chengdu Plain.
On the same day, next to a square where they came screaming exploration: "Oh, here there is one!" A similar kiln was again discovered.
Cliff rescue excavation record highest in the country
Chengmianle inter-city 300 kilometers long railway, running through Chengdu, Mianyang, Deyang, Leshan and other cultural relics region densely place. Early exploration in the investigation, the archaeologists will be out on the feeling that "something." The large-scale archaeological survey, the important cultural relics found in 60 multiple, the highest the country, discover the most similar in Sichuan.
Along the railway from north to south, archaeologists excavated has yielded fruitful results. Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Fu Guo Fucheng District in Mianyang City, the important town of the new harvest soap - 120 more than a dozen Eastern Han - Cliff Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Cliff has been found in Sichuan, there are about 100000 or so, is not rare. But Cliff Kwok Fu group found it surprising to professionals, all hidden in a 600 m long, 500 meters above sea level the ridge inside the cemetery 500 meters long from east to north-south width of 80 meters, an area of about 40000 square meters! Also, located in a region the Eastern Han Dynasty Cliff, Cliff located in another region Northern and Southern.
"In the beginning, not drilling group of Jatropha Cliff Leung." Guofu Qing Chu remember that in the initial survey, there are only more than 20 Cliff Han appeared. However, after entering excavations, there have been new Cliff appears. Almost every few meters, you can touch another cliff-tomb of the ramps and the main room. Graves three points along the mountain from top to bottom the word order, each block have a complete ramps Cliff, entrance of the tomb, the main room, coffin bed, drainage pipes.
Since the railway will cross the entire cemetery, the archaeologists carried out on all the Cliff rescue group to explore, it has also become the largest ever in the whole country to explore, the largest number of Sichuan Cliff once discovered. Burial tomb unearthed a large number of civilian figurines, figurines DANCE SKILL, paternity figurines, figurines and other figurines Lunar New Year, as well as pottery, clay pots, ceramic pots, pottery bowl, pottery paddy fields, houses and a half two pottery money, money, five baht , pan, mirror, money tree and so on.
Zhou Kehua Provincial Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute, told reporters in Deyang Luojiang Cliff Jiashan rice found in a mirror held figurines, figurines larger than 2 times, first insert two complete Wearing shape in Sichuan is extremely rare. There is also a rap figurines, Hand drumstick, Lutun rap, humor, vivid facial expression, "If a full save and then some, arguably with the relics at the national level compared to the Figurines." It is the Cliff Shu Han period, "Shu is not long, small tombs discovered in Sichuan." This time, more than 10 million pieces of preserved until the excavation of five baht coin, so the archaeologists concluded that the decisive Cliff era. "It can be said in Sichuan is an important discovery."
Wang Xinfeng Town in Guanghan bend the Eastern Han Dynasty brick tomb found, archaeologists unearthed 60 portraits of brick blocks. Sichuan has been unearthed in the previous picture of the different bricks, these bricks have Suzaku profile portrait, money lines, juggling, Juji, "rich and prosper" and other 14 kinds of complex textures, and patterns unique to India on the edge of the brick.
Sanxingdui straight distance with less than 10 kilometers of the town of Qingbaijiang Samsung Mi Mu village, archaeologists discovered a large pit Shang and Zhou Dynasty tombs, unearthed a number of fine ivory and bone. Even in the Sanxingdui site, nor discovered that hundreds of graves.
Xinjin County in Shuangliu County and the junction area of a floating to the ground site of the Shang and Zhou. Wrangler's Piedmont plateau next to the large excavated three sites, their location and historical records of the "Qu on the city" substantially the same position, first king of ancient Shu State Cong in the Chengdu Plain has established the first capital may be in here.
"These new findings provide a kind of archaeological data in different periods of great value." Zhou Kehua think.
Sichuan tomb of the first archaeological indoor pit
Rescue excavation of the underground cultural relics and ancient tombs in the majority of ancient ruins, leaving many mysteries to be solved. Have 3 pit tomb was the overall relocation, the next step, archeologists will be in the room with microscopes and other scientific means to identify the remains invisible.
Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in the Sanxingdui station, staff are careful restoration of the pottery. Each of them according to the identity of tombs, pottery in the plastic bag out gently, carefully matching the fracture on the pottery, the shape of the objects forming a complete stitching, adhesive plaster and then fixed. "Not all relics can be repaired." Zhou Kehua said, such as a pottery, from the mouth parts in the end there can only be repaired. "The majority of rescue cultural relics unearthed are stored here, has repaired more than 300."
Since excavation is in line with inter-city Chengmianle carried out railway construction, so the archaeologists concerned, just save back to the data, sorting, the study also takes a long time. Judging from the current excavation, but also leaving a lot of mystery to be solved.
In the Zhou Kehua view, Mianyang Cliff Leung Kiriko found at least two questions group. "The mountain is divided into three layers arranged Cliff, did not destroy each other and influence, the late Cliff Cliff did not break early, and that there is no distribution between them is in accordance with the idea of what kind of arrangement?" More people doubt that there is no relationship between the Cliff group? They are a big family? Or due to economic or political interests, buried together? There may be even a cemetery? "Cliff group now seems like after the reunification of the overall planning and completion. If a cemetery, so that at the time of the planning and design to achieve a certain level."
Xinjin County found "the first kiln in Chengdu", can not prove that there used to live in Ancient Shu Kingdom as a living? Chengdu Museum researcher Zhang Hua Jiang told reporters Baodun period before the site is also found in the Chengdu Plain. Situation from the current investigation, Po pier settlement period is relatively small, generally 1 million square meters, has a "center of settlement - Settlement sub-centers - villages," the undertaking of social form. "So the nature of the different settlements, and some is the production of settlement." Then, in "Chengdu first kiln" where it is a productive settlement? The vicinity of the kiln will be no other?
On the same site, the archaeologists also found the tombs of Han Dynasty and the Han lesions. The Han dynasty stove is also puzzling. Actually only two shallow kitchen pit, a circular pit some of them the three stones and pebbles, and the other linked to the Oval also placed a brick pit, pit bottom was sloping. Between the two pits, the cross placed over a printed pattern of the brick. Schelling believes that "the bricks and gravel surface to form a place cooking utensils, stoves kang and work place between the brick pit may be the kitchen door brick." In this strange place, the kitchen next to the house site not found, but is a cemetery. Is it when people erection of temporary kitchen? Why even the kitchen door bricks are engraved with patterns?
Samsung Qingbaijiang area found in the village of Shang and Zhou tombs, archaeologists puzzled as to the argument. Some experts think this should belong to the culture of the late Tun Bao, and some experts think it should belong to the early Sanxingdui culture. Today, one of the 3 pit tomb was moved to Chengdu, the overall Archaeological Institute of Archaeology North Lake finishing base. Zhang Hua Jiang said that the tomb found intact in the human skeleton, there are many fine bone. "Next, we will jointly conducted by Chinese Academy of Social Archaeology clean indoor fine." "For launch within this year, it will be the first indoor Sichuan archaeological pit tomb."
Background 1
According to the "PRC Cultural Relics Protection Law" and the "Administrative Measures for protection of cultural relics in Sichuan Province", before large-scale construction projects, the archaeologists to the project area where exploration and excavation of archaeological investigation, protection and underground cultural relics may be involved in the rescue. Currently, the province carried out archaeological excavations carried out mostly with the rescue of the basic construction of archaeological excavations.
Background 2
Chengmianle intercity railway: major projects in our province, central and western first railway, built in 2012. Under the approval, the railway Chengmianle starting from Jiangyou, the Mianyang, Deyang, Guanghan, Chengdu, Pengshan, Meishan, Jiajiang, to Leshan Emei, 323 kilometers in length of line for the two- passenger special line, the speed 200 km / hours. After the completion of the south of Chengdu, Leshan people to just 54 minutes, the most northern Jiangyou public to Chengdu just 51 minutes, two hours can pass through 10 cities. Source: Sichuan Daily
